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What is the technical principle of supercritical extraction equipment? Do you know?
Substances develop in three forms: gas, liquid and solid, and can be phase-converted at different pressures and temperatures. At temperatures above a certain point, no amount of pressure can change the pure substance from the gas phase to the liquid phase. This temperature is called the critical point temperature, at the critical point temperature, the limit low pressure at which the gas can be liquefied is called the critical pressure PC, and when the temperature of the substance is higher than the critical temperature and its pressure is higher than the critical pressure, the substance is in a supercritical state.
The area above the critical temperature and critical pressure is called the supercritical region, if the fluid is heated or compressed to its critical temperature (Tc) and critical pressure (Pc) above the state, the state gas is pressurized, the gas will not liquefy, but the density becomes larger, with similar liquid properties, while retaining gas properties, this state of the fluid is called supercritical fluid.
Supercritical extraction devices can be divided into two different types, one is through research analysis, mainly used in the analysis of small quantities, or to provide relevant data for production management, and the other is preparation and production, mainly used for batch or mass production.
The supercritical extraction device can be roughly divided into eight parts in terms of function: extractant supply management system, low temperature environment system, high pressure system, extraction system, separation and analysis system, modifier supply information system, circular economy system and computer network control work system. Including carbon dioxide syringe pumps, extractors, separators, compressors, carbon dioxide storage tanks, chillers and other equipment. Since the oil recovery process is carried out under high pressure, higher requirements are put forward for the pressure resistance of the equipment and the entire pipeline system, and the operating costs are reduced.
Supercritical extraction device has no solvent residue, no nitrate and heavy metal ions, the extraction kettle pressure ring is opened quickly, the O-ring is imported, the use cycle is more than 4 months, it can be designed and produced according to "GMP" standards, and can be designed and produced according to explosion-proof standards. The supercritical extraction device can be equipped with computer data acquisition and printing (flow, pressure, temperature) system, and the valve stem of the valve used in all devices is durable and durable after special heat treatment, and adopts a relatively safe and reliable double ferrule sealing structure.
What is the technical principle of the supercritical extraction device? Let's take a brief look at it together.
The technical principle of the supercritical extraction device uses the relationship between the solubility of the supercritical fluid and its density, that is, the influence of pressure and temperature on the solubility of the supercritical fluid. In the supercritical state, the supercritical fluid is in contact with the substance to be separated, so that the polarity, boiling point and molecular weight components can be selectively extracted in turn, and the extracts obtained by corresponding to each pressure range may not be single, but the conditions can be controlled to obtain the best proportion of components, and then the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is turned into gas by reducing pressure and heating method, and the extracted substance is completely or basically precipitated, so as to achieve the purpose of separation and purification. Therefore, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction and separation is composed of extraction and separation processes.
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