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How to Understand Supercritical Water in a Lifelike Language
This small problem can be said to have been bothering me all along, and now I will explain it in detail. We all know that in our daily lives, we can put the material things we see Divided into: solid, liquid, gas.
Naturally, we will also think that when the water is boiled to 100 degrees Celsius, the temperature will not rise again (water under the condition of 100 degrees Celsius is supercritical water in the usual sense), and the liquid needs a certain temperature to become a gas.
But, contrary to everyone's imagination, these assumptions are not quite correct in themselves, and all the miraculous phenomena of nature require us to explore the nature of their occurrence, not just see its surface.
The term "supercritical state" itself belongs to the category of thermodynamics, in thermodynamics it A more accurate definition would be "supercritical fluid". If we want to understand this concept, we may wish to use boiling water in life as an example to explain what supercritical water is and then explain what is supercritical state:
Our common sense of life tends to be like this: boil water to 100 degrees to drink, but on the plateau it is different, because it is often affected by air pressure. But why is this happening?
Before fully understanding the concept of water boiling, we must first understand the change path of gaseous and liquid in nature, solid state, "boiling" is a way of liquid to gaseous state The so-called supercritical water is the state of water at the moment of boiling, so what are the ways to change besides boiling?
Any substance in nature has a tendency to change from a non-gaseous state to a gaseous state, and the solid state becomes a gaseous state Sublimation, liquid into gaseous state is called evaporation. These trends are universal, and if not, then we can't define them." Entropy" is the concept?
Knowing that this trend is inevitable, let's try to understand what the concept of "boiling" is : Evaporation is a phenomenon that occurs on the surface of liquids, from a macroscopic point of view See, evaporation is when a liquid becomes a gas and disperses, but from a microscopic level See, the particles on the surface of the liquid break free and escape. This is a universal process that can occur at any temperature.
The phenomenon of boiling produces more violent reactions than this. The boiling point is the temperature of boiling, which is related to the atmospheric pressure of the surrounding environment, which is why the boiling point is different from the plateau in normal times. This is why the conditions presented by supercritical water are so different in plain and plateau environments.
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